knowledge based spin-offs: The process of formation and development

The importance of knowledge based spin-offs and their economic and social impact through the commercialization of university based research has long been a topic of interest to academics and policymakers. knowledge based spin-offs are becoming a major global phenomenon. At the moment, knowledge based spin-offs are considered in the new generation mission of most universities and as a major commercial and economic value, it is considered a factor in the application of academic research and its important role in the transfer of technology and knowledge. Universities are increasingly supporting the creation of knowledge based spin-offs to commercialize their research results. knowledge based spin-offs have important social and economic implications, including creating new jobs and increasing revenue streams. The purpose of this study was to explain the process of formation and development of knowledge based spin-offs and identify the most important factors affecting the development of knowledge based spin-offs. The results of the study showed that starting a knowledge based spin-offs is a multi-step process that begins with academic research and goes through the stages of creation and disclosure, intellectual property decision, technology marketing, and licensing until the company is established. The most important factors affecting the development of knowledge based spin-offs were the characteristics of the university and the founders of the knowledge based spin-offs, environmental characteristics, technology and the final product.