Primary Adenocarcinoma of Lung with Synchronous Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

 The simultaneous occurrence of two distinct tumors is rare. Distinguishing between the concomitances of two primary malignancies from metastatic disease is very important for disease management and overall survival improvement.

 We report a case of a lung adenocarcinoma patient, who incidentally has renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This report includes clinical, radiological, and histological diagnostic challenges in an unexpected lesion and a review of the literature.

 The possibility of primary cancer should be taken into account when a lesion is detected in the lung or the kidneys. Thus, both the radiographic appearance and clinical behavior of a lesion may hold clues that can help distinguish synchronous cancers.