Investigating the Fields of Astronomical Activity of Saeban And Their Role in Astronomy in the third and fourth Centuries AH

There were various factors in the process of growth and prosperity of astronomy, as one of the important sciences in Islamic civilization, which began in the second century AH. The transfer of the Chaldean and Greek astronomical traditions to the Islamic astronomy by the Sabeans of Harran can be considered as a key factor in the development of this science in the realm of Islamic civilization  This article intends to study the influence and role of Sabean of Harran on astronomy in Islamic civilization by using descriptive-analytical method and citing existing sources, researches and articles and to answer these questions: what factors led that Sabeans influenced in the flourishing of astronomy in Islam? and what effect did they have on the development of astronomy in Islamic civilization? The findings of this study indicate that in the first place, factors such as: the status and sanctity of astronomy in the religion of Harran Sabeans, translation of Greek-Syriac texts, the need for the caliphate and the importance of religious rules, led Sabean Harran Sabeans influenced the flourishing of Islamic astronomy. Then, by translating and criticizing Majasti's book, they achieved rare achievements in the field of Islamic astronomy, and through this, they were able to facilitate the development of this science in Islamic civilization.