Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of Original, Short and Brief Forms of Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in an Iranian Sample of Adolescents

One of the unique features of the Dimensional or Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), is considering personality traits in adolescence. There are many studies on the validity and structure of DSM-5’s AMPD in Western culture. The aim of this study was to investigate the AMPD in Iranian adolescents and comparing the psychometric characteristics of the original, short and brief forms of Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5).

A cross-sectional study was carried out in 404 adolescents aging 13-18 years old, including 54.4% females, living in Tehran, Iran who were selected via convenience sampling. All participants completed the paper-based forms of the PID-5, Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)–Emotional Distress—Anxiety and Depression—Short Forms.

Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient in the original form of PID-5 ranged from 0.81-0.88 (disinhibition and psychoticism, respectively) for five domains. For short form it was between 0.74 and 0.86 (detachment and psychoticism, respectively) and for brief form the Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient was between 0.67 and 0.76 (negative affectivity and psychoticism, respectively). There were significant correlations between personality traits and the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and impulsivity in all forms of PID-5 (P≤0.05, P≤0.01). Factor analysis confirmed the 5-factor structure of the original, short and brief forms of PID-5.

The original, short, and brief forms of PID-5 showed good reliability and validity. This supports that all three PID-5 forms can be used for various clinical and research purposes. The brief form is mainly suitable for screening, while the original and short forms can be used in investigating abnormal personality traits in adolescents.