Assessment of adaptability and seed yield stability of selected quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) genotypes in spring cropping systems in cold and temperate regions of Iran

To study the adaptability and seed yield stability, in this experiment, ten quinoa genotypes including; Red Carina, Titicaca, Giza1, Q12, Q18, Q21, Q22, Q26, Q29, Q29 and Q31 were evaluated using randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017 and 2018 in four locations; Karaj, Shahr-e-Kord, Kashmar and Urmia for their adaptability and grain yield stability. The results showed that quinoa genotypes had significant differences for most of the studied traits. However, genotype × location × year interaction effects on plant height, inflorescence length and days to flowering was not significant. Q26 genotype had the highest grain yield (2007 kg.ha-1) in Shahr-e-Kord. The lowest yield (338.33 kg.ha-1) was related to Q21 genotype in Karaj. The results of AMMI stability analysis showed that Q29 genotype had the highedt grain yiled stability with the shortest distance from the center of the graph. Cv. Giza1, cv. Red Carina, Q31 and Q26 genotypes also ranked next in terms of grain yield stability. Also, Q12, Red Carina and Q22 genotypes had specific adaptation in Karaj and Kashmar, and Giza1 and Q18 genotypes showed high specific adaptation in Urmia. In general, the results of this experiment showed that all quinoa genotypes were compatible with spring cultivation in experimental sites.