Legal-jurisprudential analysis of the criterion of insanity with emphasis on diagnostic and statistical manual

According to Article 149 of the Islamic Penal Code, “Where at the time of committing a crime, there is a mental disorder in a way that the perpetrator lacked the volition and power of discernment , he will be deemed insane, and shall have no criminal responsibility”. This article is the last will of the legislator on insanity. In total there are three criteria for insanity: Cognitive and Volition Criterion, customary criterion and companion and Contradiction Criterion. In the cognitive criteria, the main emphasis is on the the nature of the action. Volition criterion relying on individual control over their behavior. In the customary standard, since insanity is a customary concept, it is referred to the custom to diagnosis it. The psychiatric criterion can be analyzed in the context of a specific custom. In the companion criterion, the main emphasis is in relationship with insane person. At paradoxical level, attention is paid to behaviors that are not matched with mental health. The most appropriate solution for detecting insanity is attention to perception and failure of perception based on symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations.