Dyslipidemia and Its Components Across Body Mass Index Levels Among Type II Diabetic Patients in the West of Iran

The combination of dyslipidemia, obesity, and hyperglycemia can accelerate the progression to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate dyslipidemia and its components across body mass index (BMI) levels among type II diabetic patients.

The data for this cross‑sectional study were extracted from the records of diabetic patients during 2014 to 2015. About 2,300 diabetic patients had been registered, and finally, the records of 2,110 patients which were fully completed were investigated. Dyslipidemia was defined based on the NCEP/ATP III classification of lipid profile. In order to investigate about nonlinear relationship between BMI and dyslipidemia, and its components, restricted cubic spline method was used.

The median age of patients was 55 (IQR = 14) years. 61.11% was females. The median of BMI, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL‑Chol, and LDL‑Chol were 28.3 kg/m2, 167, 193, 41, and 110 mg/dL in patients, respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 91.29% (95% CI: 90.05–92.54). Being overweight, diabetic patients were associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia (OR = 1.87–2.78), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.29–2.09), and hypo‑HDL (OR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.20–2.01). Similarly, obesity also increased the risk of dyslipidemia (OR = 1.94; 95% CI: 1.28–2.95), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.29–2.12), and hypo‑HDL (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.41–2.43). The nonlinear dose–response relationship was associated with a significant increase then decrease in the risk of dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypo‑HDL in men and women as per 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI.

With regards to the result, we know that there is no linear relationship between lipid profiles and BMI, the bell‑shape association between dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hypo‑HDL needs to be further investigated in both diabetic and general population in men and women separately. In addition, for public health section, an appropriate intervention is of most important priorities.