Transcriptome mining of embryonic implantation in the endometrium of dairy cattle

Establishment and maintenance of pregnancy are essential for product persistency in ruminants, and especially in dairy cattle. Embryo implantation into the uterus is an essential process for the maintenance of pregnancy, and involves complex interactions between the embryo and maternal endometrium. Examination of genes and mechanisms regulating the initiation of implantation is necessary to understand implantation process. In this study, in order to better understand the molecular basis of implantation, we undertook the transcriptome profiling of endometrial cells of pregnant with non-pregnant cows, during this period. In total differentially expressed genes were identified with the comparison of the endometrial profiles. Thus, after preprocessing and analysis of data and meta-analysis, gene interactions were investigated using data mining approach. Also with the reconstruction of network and search for important and functional modules, we found 4 main modules. The most important genes contained CLU, ACTA2, MX1, MX2, C1S, COL3A1, S100A11, NID1, SELL, PTN and CDH13. The results of this study suggest that identified modules can be used as markers for uterus receptivity, and embryo implantation.