The Iranian and Russian Foreign Policy Equation in the Caspian Energy Puzzle

In the Permanent global politics of the 21st century, the role of energy has been of strategic importance. The use of energy and transfer is as a strategic advantage to a coastal country. Accordingly, the Islamic Republic of Iran and Russia, as the Caspian coastal states, are central players in the region's energy policy. Russia, as a state that claims to dominate the resources of the countries separated from Russia, and Iran, as the best route for energy transfer that makes credible claims in this area, are at odds with each other in foreign policy. The central question of this study is what is the quality of Iran-Russia regional and trans-regional policy approach to the Caspian energy issue? On this basis, the research hypothesis is that although Iran and Russia are in agreement on preventing the penetration of transnational powers, especially the United States, they are competitors in how to exploit, control and export Caspian energy resources. The findings and research findings also prove that the Iranian-Russian foreign policy approach to the Caspian energy field is not sufficiently consistent. Therefore, in this study, Iran's and Russia's goals in the field of energy, monopoly policy, regional and trans-regional energy market entry, counterterrorism, intervention and presence of foreign powers in the pattern of friendship and hostility between the two countries are variables that are Analytical-explanatory is examined on the basis of the theory of neorealism.