An Investigation of Allameh Ja’fari’s Criticisms of the Two Principles: “Donator of Something Cannot be Devoid of That Thing” and “the [Being with] Simple Essence is Everything”

The two principles of “donator of something cannot be devoid of that thing” and “the [being with] simple essence is everything and not part of any of them” have a special position among philosophical principles especially among theological discussions. The philosophers generally use the first principle to explain the compatibility between cause and effect and Molla-Sadra uses the second principle to prove the ‘personal unity of being’. Allameh Mohammad-Taqi Ja’fari who disagrees with some accounts of the ‘unity of being’ and does not accept the compatibility [of the two] in metaphysical matters, criticizes the two principles. I have studied his criticisms of the two principles in this article. Recognizing his mistakes in understanding the principles and their domain, I have concluded that he cannot deny the two mentioned principles. His most important mistakes are: examining philosophical rules in natural matters and also confusion of epistemological and ontological matters. Relying on Molla-Sadra’s views, this article uses an analytic method to criticize Allameh Ja’fari’s view.