Analysis and study of Islamic Neo-Modernism from Dr. Nurcholish Madjid's point of view

The conflict between tradition and modernity and the presentation of solutions by some thinkers to overcome the contemporary crises and empower the Islamic society to compensate for the backwardness and failures of the past, as well as progress and creativity in the fields of science, politics, culture, technology and so on, Is one of the issues that Muslim countries have been facing continuously from the beginning of the modern era until now. Dr. Nurcholish Madjid, the prominent Indonesian thinker, is one of the Muslim scholars who has theorized about this in the context of his country and a neo-modernist approach. This article intends to study and analyze his intellectual experience with a library and descriptive-analytical method, which seeks to provide an interpretation of Islam that can be effective in solving the problems and crises of Indonesia in accordance with modern values. This article first deals with his intellectual backgrounds and concerns. Then, while expressing his method in understanding Islam, explains his theory of dividing Islamic teachings into fixed and variable, how Islam relates to modernity and one of the most important consequences of this theory, namely the relationship between Islam and state. The final part of this paper is dedicated to examining and criticizing these views.