Investigating the Meaning of “The Other” in Sartre’s Play No Exit and Modarresi’s Novel Yakolia va Tanhaei Ou with respect to Sartre’s Existentialism

Philosophical studies show that against existence for oneself, there is another being called existence for “the other”, i.e. as we think about ourselves, we find in our being another existence that depends on our existence. This paper seeks to answer the following question: what is the meaning of “the other” regarding the existentialism in Sartre’s play No Exit and Modarresi’s novel Yakolia va Tanhaei Ou? Considering the above question, the authors’ hypothesis is that the concept of “the other” in the two mentioned works means existence for the other, i.e. existence dependent on the other, which is the determining and guiding factor of individual behavior in the society. To test the research hypothesis, data was collected from a corpus of philosophical and literary works using the library method and was analyzed by the descriptive-analytical method. It followed that the authors’ hypothesis was confirmed and the meaning of “the other” was accordingly explained in existentialism.