Methods and motivations for the evolution of literary types

The discussion of literary genres has always been one of the most important topics for researchers in the field of literary theories. Since appearance of the literary genres- Aristotle era- until today, there has been a serious and wide-ranging debate on this issue. One of the most important questions in this field is how and why new literary genres emerged. Questions like these indicate that literary genres have changed and expanded throughout their lives. On this basis, the issue of methods and motives for the evolution of literary genres is formed. This article, which proceeds with a descriptive-analytical method, tries to answer the question of how and why literary types evolve while defining literary types. The result shows that new literary types, generally emerges through changing or reviving old literary types and with methods such as changing the subject, changing the size, changing the nature, combining two or more literary types, changing the focus, etc. Also, the motives of these changes are the order or need of the society, the way the work interacts with reality, the necessities arising from the way of expression, the special situation of the audience, the more effective the outdated and introductory literary type, its adjustment with a subculture and etc