Callus induction and rosmarinic acid accumulation in callus culture of ‎Salvia nemorosa L. ‎

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a well known valuable phenolic compound because of its wide spectrum of biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, antioxidant and cancer chemoprevention. In the present study, in vitro callus induction and production of RA in Salvia nemorosa (callus culture, in vitro seedling, mother plant) have been studied. For this purpose, callus induction was achieved from young leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-D (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 mgL-1) solely or in combination with BAP and Kin (0.5, 1 and 2 mgL-1) and the number of different traits such as percentage of callus induction, fresh weight and type of callus (texture and color) were evaluated. The highest percentage of callus induction was achieved from 3 treatment supplemented by 5 mgL-1 2,4-D+ 2 mgL-1 BAP, 1 mgL-1 2,4-D + 1 mgL-1 BAP and 2 mgL-1 2,4-D + 2 mgL-1 Kin. Also The best fresh weight (1.31g) were obtained in MS medium containing 1 mgL-1 BAP and 1 mgL-1 2,4-D. According to the result the callus has the highest RA content with a value of 1.5 mg gdw-1 and RA accumulate in callus to amounts (2 fold) much higher than plants under field conditions. According our findings the callus culture of Salvia nemorosa L. on MS medium containing 1 mgL-1 BAP and 1 mgL-1 2,4-D provided useful method for RA production.