Investigating the Effect of Trade on Human Resources Movements Using Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood Model (Application of Gravity Approach)

The effect of trade on the international movements of human resources can be examined from different aspects. The openness of the economy has different effects on other economic indicat ors and economic conditions in general, and through it the welfare of society, which affects people's decisions about migration. This study using a Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood model and the gravity Approach, examines the phenomenon of migration flows from 35 countries of origin to 20 OECD countries. According to the results, increasing trade in destination countries increases the flow of migration to those countries (pull factor) and increasing this index in the countries of origin reduces the flow of emigration (push factor). Also, increasing the GDP of the destination countries, increasing the population of the countries of origin, increasing the trade volume of the destination countries and increasing the unemployment rate of the countries of origin; The factors that attract migration flows from countries of origin to selected OECD countries are known, and reducing these variables can be considered as a push factor in migration phenomenon.