Comparison of the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and reality therapy on self-care, fasting blood pressure and blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes

Diabetes is one of the most serious problems in health care systems all over the world as well as in Iran. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and reality therapy on self-care, blood pressure and fasting blood sugar in patients with type 2 diabetes.

The method of study was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and follow-up study with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all female patients with type 2 diabetes in Karaj in 1399. 45 of the qualified candidates were  made available to  the sampling method and entered into the study by accident. Eight 90-minute sessions were held for reality therapy and metacognitive therapy groups. The Toobert and Glasgow (2000) self-care questionnaire, analog blood pressure monitor and fasting blood glucose test were used to collect data. Pre-test and post-test were performed for all groups and finally, follow-up was performed In order to analyze the data in the descriptive discussion, the mean and standard deviation were used and in the discussion of inferential statistics, , the data were analyzed using repeated measures method and Bonferroni ‎post hoc test in SPSS22 software with a significance level of less than 0.05.

The results showed that the two groups of metacognitive therapy and reality therapy had an increasing effect on self-care (P <0.001) and over time (P <0.001) and in follow-up. It was stable but had no significant effect on fasting blood sugar and blood pressure.

Based on the findings of this study, reality therapy and metacognitive therapy were effective in increasing self-care of patients with type 2.