Climate, Geography and Natural Risk in Ancient Structures A Case Study of Ghyasieh Kharjerd School and Comparison with Soltanieh Monument

Ghiasieh donkey school in Khaf city includes a courtyard that is surrounded by four porches and rooms on two floors. This building was completed almost 100 years after the construction of Soltanieh and in the last years of the life of Shahrokh, son of Timur (850 AH / 1447 AD). Soltanieh is the tallest brick dome in the world and the largest tomb in the Islamic era in Iran. Both of these structures are located in the path of atmospheric currents resulting from the geographical features of their region, which are considered as important windy areas of the country. In the present study, we intend to identify the damages and erosions caused by destructive winds as well as the geographical and climatic conditions on these two structures and to provide a suitable solution in this field. The research method used in this article is analytical and descriptive along with laboratory and library studies and also the method and tools used in the research; Examination of written documents, field and laboratory studies. The results indicate that experiments related to the effects of temperature, humidity and wind on the materials of Ghiasieh school and also comparing these results with the information obtained in relation to Soltanieh, the effect of climate and geography in the erosion of these two buildings shows well. The common spatial locations of the demolition in these two buildings and the uniform performance of the materials in each of them further confirm the issue of climate and geography .