A Comparative Study of Air Raid Vulnerability in New and Old Fabrics of Urmia City from the Passive Defence Perspective

The analysis of the extent and severity of urban fabric vulnerabilities helps urban planners and managers to make appropriate decisions and select solutions, controls, and countermeasures against potential risks. So, this study aims to evaluate the vulnerability of new (Zone 1) and old (Zone 4) fabrics in Urmia against air raids, based on passive defence indicators. In order to do so, 10 indicators were selected through a literature study. At first, the information layers of the indicators are digitised and prepared in GIS, and then the significance coefficient calculated by AHP method was factored in. It showed that in the new fabric 23% of areas have very low vulnerability, with 29% in low, 39% moderate, 8% high, and 1% very highly vulnerable zones. In the old fabric, 11% were in very low, 39% in low, 43% moderate, 6% high vulnerability, and 1% very high vulnerability zone. In general, it can be said that the vulnerability in zone 4 is greater than zone 1. The results show that the amount of vulnerability in the old fabric is higher than the new fabric.