Explaining the Dialectic of Discontinuity and Interconnection in Contemporary Residential Architecture of Tehran based on the Evolution of Open and Closed Spaces

With the rise in land value and its commodification in the contemporary era, the area of houses has been gradually reduced, and the houses with courtyards have been turned into small apartments. Hence, the residents' relationship with nature in the yard and the outdoor space, as a public space, has faced substantial changes. The contemporary residential architecture of Iran has redefined its relationship with the outdoor space more than anything in the transition from tradition to modernity and has explored a new way of dialectic discontinuity and interconnection. Therefore, the research question is the relationship between the parameters of the discontinuity and interconnection and the prominent patterns of the contemporary housing of Tehran based on the role of the closed and opened spaces. The current research aimed to study the relationship between the parameters of the discontinuity and interconnection in the prominent patterns of the contemporary residential architecture of Tehran, including three patterns- traditional (courtyard at the early Qajar era), traditional-contemporary (villa houses with a courtyard in the first and second Pahlavi era), and contemporary (apartments after the Islamic revolution)- based on which the dialectic of discontinuity and interconnection in the open and closed spaces can be explained. Various parameters of the discontinuity and interconnection of the houses in Tehran and the space syntax features were identified using valid library studies and the qualitative descriptive research method. Then, the relationship between the various parameters of the discontinuity and interconnection and the indicators of the space syntax were studied using logical reasoning. The case studies in the experimental theorem of logical reasoning were analyzed using pairwise comparison in the analytical hierarchy process by Expert Choice. Also, the parameters of the discontinuity and interconnection on the three main patterns were evaluated using the space syntax method by DepthMap software in the analytical theorem. The results of analyzing the Iranian human's interaction with nature in the modernization processes show that the open and semi-open spaces in the residential units have lost their nature than in the past.