A Theoretical Framework for Explaining the Social and Political Revolutions with an Emphasis on the Islamic Revolution(According to the Intellectual System of Imam Khamenei)

The views that have analyzed the revolutions in general and the Islamic Revolution in particular have often developed in a humanistic framework or, if they have chosen an indigenous and religious perspective, have not paid attention to all its dimensions. The view of Imam Khamenei is both based on Islamic principles and covers all possible aspects of the phenomenon of revolution. This study aims to formulate such a view in a scientific and coherent framework that can be offered in scientific fields. To achieve this goal, some key questions have been posed: what (nature or definition)?, why?, how?, the results and effects, and damages. To answer these questions, the content analysis method, which is a method of discourse analysis, has been used. The findings show that, according to Imam Khamenei’s view, in the formation of the Islamic Revolution, there have been effective factors: subjective and objective factors; micro and macro factors; historical grounds; economic, social, political and cultural contexts. While all of these factors are the product of human’s will and are influenced by the environmental conditions, they have occurred within the framework of Divine traditions, and are based on the definite laws governing the universe; Therefore, the invisible factors such as material factors and superior  that, have been effective in shaping the Islamic Revolution.