An Assessment and Analysis of the Extraordinary Events Following Ashura Based on the Rawdah al-Shuhada Manuscript by Mullah Hussein Kashefi

The uprising of Imam Hussein (PBUH) is one of the most important historical events in the first century AH and has had a tremendous impact on the formation of freedom-seeking and justice-seeking movements in the Islamic realm. Therefore, the event of Ashura has always been the focus of authors over the past centuries. One of the manifestations of the important event of Ashura was the extraordinary events that took place after the martyrdom of Imam Hussein (PBUH). The book Rawdah al-Shuhada by Mullah Hussein Kashefi is one of the works that deals with the event of Ashura. In his book, he deals with the nine and extraordinary natural events after Ashura. The issue here is the accuracy and significance of these events. The research follows a descriptive and analytical method based on library resources. In this research, an elaboration is accomplished based on the news, documents and narrations of the author of the Rawdah al-Shuhada as the extraordinary events post to Ashura have been spoken of in order to distinguish between the concurrent narrations and also those that have been narrated for special purposes. The findings of the research show that some of the items in this book cannot be verified and assigned to Shiites and are also widespread among Sunnis. On the other hand, a number of the narrations reported in this book have not been included in historical sources and are considered as forgeries that Kashfi has mentioned in his book.

1- A study of extraordinary natural events after the event of Ashura in the book Rawdah al-Shuhada by Mullah Hussein Kashefi and the extent of their conformity with authoritative Shiite and Sunni sources. 2- Investigating the importance of extraordinary events in the book of Rawdah al-Shuhada in Islamic sources.

Research questions:

To what extent does the extraordinary natural events after Ashura in the book Rawdah al-Shuhada by Mullah Hussein Kashefi correspond to authentic Shiite and traditional sources? 2- What is the reference in Islamic sources to the extraordinary natural events after the Ashura event?