Comparing Clinical and Para-clinical Findings and Risk Factors among COVID-19 Survived and Deceased Patients in North of Iran, 2019-2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease that was first reported in December 2019 in China and spread rapidly around the world. The aim of this study was to compare clinical and laboratory findings and disease outcome between survived and deceased COVID-19 patients admitted to Qaemshahr Razi Hospital, Iran.

In this retrospective study, demographic, clinical, paraclinical, and treatment information of hospitalized COVID-19 patients were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was performed using SPSS V25.

Among 1013 COVID-19 patients, 145 (14.3%) died. Mortality rate was significantly higher in patients older than 65 years of age (54.5%) (P= 0.0001). Comorbidities was seen in 631 patients (62.4%). Mortality rate was significantly higher in patients with hypertension (P= 0.005), diabetes (P<0.05), congestive heart failure (P< 0.0001), and chronic kidney disease and chronic lung disease (P<0.0001). Most deceased patients had low oxygen saturation (<90%) (25.5%) that required assisted mechanical ventilation (61.4%) and were admitted to Intensive Care Units (66.9%). There were significant differences between survived and deceased COVID-19 patients in leukocytosis (P= 0.001) lymphopenia, (P= 0.003), creatinine level (P< 0.0001), and lactate dehydrogenase > 250 (U/L) (P<0.0001).

COVID-19 pandemic indicates high infectivity of the virus. Currently, there is no definitive treatment against the virus, so, findings associated with COVID-19 mortality could be of great help in early diagnosis of high-risk individuals and applying appropriate therapeutic interventions.