Sex determination in Red deer (Ceruvus elaphus maral); suitable method for estimating the effective population size for genetic conservation programs in the country habitats

Unfortunately, due to the small population size and isolation of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in protected area-Arasbaran-Aynalu, there are inbreeding and the highly rate of bottleneck. Sex controlling for sex maintain effective population size as appropriate, may reduce inbreeding. For this purpose the objective of this study was access and optimization techniques for Sex determination in Red deer(Ceruvus elaphus); suitable method for estimating the effective population size for genetic conservation programs in Arasbaran and the country habitats. For this purpose, bleeding in deer, taken from jugular vein and tail vein after anesthesia, blood samples in tubes containing EDTA vaccum with ice -40c to the gen bank of Department of East Azerbaijan was transferred. Duplex PCR using primers based on the chromosome (Y) in accordance with the sex-determining gene DEAD-box Y-linked protein (DBY) simultaneously used with BMC1009 locus were amplified as an internal control per each reaction. The results are reliable, there are two bands 280-310 (polymorphic band) and 180 base pairs (bp) in male deer and 280-310 (polymorphic band) base pairs (bp) in female deer showed. To confirm this, residual PCR products was applied for sequencing. Genotyping results showed that 8 females and 15 males were identified as indicators of effective population size 4, respectively.