Genealogy of the word "zoj" in Afro-Asian and Indo-European languages with Qur'an and Bible uses.

One of the most frequent words in the Qur'an is the word "zoj" meaning couple. The importance of this word is represented in two ways; One is due to its presence in most branches of Afro-Asian and Indo-European languages, which shows its application in large areas. The second is due to its use in the sacred texts of the Abrahamic religions, with its breadth of the semantic domain. The present study has been done with the method of comparative historical linguistics to achieve the structural-semantic evolution of this word in the mentioned languages using library resources. For further explanation of linguistic issues, examples and evidence of the Old Testament written in Hebrew and Greek and the New Testament written in Greek and Syriac (Peshitta) and the Qur'an are presented. The results show that the word probably came from Greek into Semitic, and has spread from the northernmost Semitic region to North Africa. Its main meaning is "connection", which is closely related to the yoke and the cow, which is crystallized in the religious texts of Jews and Christians. Over time, secondary meanings related to the principle of the first meaning are formed; so that the meaning of connection and joining change to the marriage of a man and a woman and the female sex. In later periods, the meaning of wife becomes central. In the last station of the Semitic languages, namely Arabic, the word has a semantic development. By employing it, the Qur'an presented one of the purest issues of creation, namely the law of "couple" among all beings to which man was ignorant before the revelation of the Qur'an.