Acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery in the North of Iran

Acute renal failure is a well-known complication in patients after cardiac surgery.

The determination of disease-causing factors with the aim of identifying patients at high- risk and implementing preventive care pre- and postoperatively to reduce the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients after cardiac surgery.

The present cross-sectional research was carried out on 512 adult patients who underwent cardiac surgery between 2015 and 2016 in our tertiary center. Demographic and laboratory data of patients were obtained using a checklist. AKI is defined as an increase of at least 0.3 mg/dL in creatinine (Cr) over 48 hours and one week after surgery according to acute kidney injury network (AKIN) and RIFLE (risk, injury, failure, loss of kidney function, and end-stage renal failure) criteria before surgery. All data were analyzed by SPSS version 1, and P value <0.05 was considered significant.

In this study we found, AKI risk profiles including serum Cr level [OR = 3.24, 95% CI = 1.92 -12.48, P = 0.001], fasting blood glucose [OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.09 -1.92, P = 0.03] and hemoglobin (Hb) before surgery (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.08 -0.87, P = 0.04) were significantly associated with increased risk of acute renal injury (logistic regression analysis).

The results indicated that changes in serum Cr level, fasting blood glucose and plasma Hb before cardiac surgery might be considered as the risk factors for AKI after cardiac surgery.