Historical Geography of North Azerbaijan and the Caucasus Based on Sources of Safavid Era

During the second half of 9th to 10th hijra centuries/fifteen to sixteen centuries A.D, Safavid era annalists recorded the military actions of Late Sheikh in Safavid dynasty in the northern parts of Azerbaijan and some parts of the Caucasus. However, based on the information, summary examples of issues related to the anthropology and historical geography of the areas discussed are obtained. Nevertheless, the simple question of the present study is: Based on remarks made by the historians, what are the issues in the field of political and human geography in the north of Azerbaijan and the Caucasus? The above question will guide us to this hypothesis: the geographical factor has an influential role on the historical events of that period, and consequently the actions and challenges of progress, appropriate creeds of Safavid sheikhs in Azerbaijan and the Caucasus is the place of curiosity. So, the main findings of the research show two fundamental points: First, the provided information is in agreement with the current features of North Azerbaijan and the Caucasus. Secondly, from the point of view of Safavid historians, the geographical distribution of the mentioned areas has been important merely due to the introduction of its communication and so, this information only respond to a small portion of our unknowns in that period.