Investigating the Institutionalism of Structural Barriers to Party Formation in Iran and the United States

This article seeks to compare the structural barriers to the formation of parties in Iran and the United States comparatively. The main question that this research seeks to answer is what factors and components are considered as common obstacles in the formation of parties in Iran and the United States? The research hypothesis is also based on the fact that both countries have structural barriers such as electoral and governmental structure in the formation of parties, although there are structural differences between them. Since the emergence of democratic societies, parties have been an integral part of political analysis. However, there are always obstacles to forming parties. To overcome obstacles, they must first be identified. This study is based on the theory of political institutionalism. The findings of this study show that "electoral council", "primary election" and "psychological structure" are the main obstacles for parties in the United States. In Iran, these barriers include "absolute power structure", "inconsistency between political and economic development", "partisanship of parties", "weakness of civil society", and "influential groups". The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical and the data is collected in the form of library and internet by taking fish.