Justice and law in the thought of early modernists in Qajar Iran

In the thought-seeking law of the Qajar Iranians, one of the concepts that was considered alongside the law was "justice". The law, in its new sense, had a close relationship with justice, and this was not something that was hidden from the eyes of the Iranian modernists of the time. Using Skinner's intentional hermeneutic method, this study seeks to answer the question: What are the relations between law and justice in the thought of Qajar Iranian modernists? On this basis, their intellectual "background" was "modernity", their "motive" was "law" and their "intention" was "justice". In the first two cases, there was a lot of similarity between them, but in the "intention" of justice, there were different views. Malkum and Talibov considered the "law as justice" and also had an "institutional" view of justice. On the one hand, Mishtar al-Dawla paid attention to "equality and law" and on the other hand, to the "rivalry between Sharia and law" and justice, and Akhundzadeh can be considered the main critic of any relationship between "equality of law and sharia" and justice And the law was based solely on its modern, liberal view.