Study of unconventional scientific productions among the students and graduates of higher education in sport sciences with an emphasis on the cognitive dissonance theory

The Unconventional scientific productions in higher education and the dependent informal employment are the problems that have plagued third world countries such as Iran in recent years. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to examine this market among the higher education students with an emphasis on the cognitive dissonance theory. The research method was qualitative-analytical. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 35 students, 52 heads of institutes, 5 authors and 10 sport sciences faculty members of Tehran university, Shahid Beheshti university, Allameh Tabataba'I university, Tarbiat Modarres university, Islamic Azad university and Razi university in 2018-19. The sampling method was theoretical and purposeful one. The findings showed that the strongest individual position was to be minion and the strongest external position was jobless and corruption in the society. The study showed that the sample was aware of the criminal nature of these types of jobs but had not received any penalties from the judicial authorities so far. It proves the weakness of the legal system. It can be considered as a kind of threat towards the education and legal authorities and requires their collaboration to remove such informal employment.