contractual analysis of Gas sales& transportation Agreements via cross- border Pipeline

Long- term contracts as a main tool,in order to mitigate the natural gas market risks, and transaction costs, has been employed. The long- term contracts are those contracts which last for more than at least five years and in some cases it lasts for thirteen years. Such a long run contracts have been using in two sections including sales contracts and transportation contracts. On the one hand, these contracts are in essence complex and on the other hand, the long- term contracts which are employed as a tool of risk allocation. In this article principal contracts indeed sale contracts and transportation contracts being discussed from contracts theory point of view and risk allocation in order to introduce the efficient model for gas exporting gas from Iran to the Eu.