A systematic review on anger and anger management in Islamic literature

Anger is one of ordinary and often healthy emotions in psychology. Consequences of anger are expressed in literature, and philosophical, religious, and scientific texts throughout history. The aim of the present writing was to study anger from the viewpoints of different religions regarding Islamic bases to develop Islamic instruments and methods of assessment and management of anger. Keywords in this systematic review comprised “anger, anger in religion, anger in Islam, religious anger manage-ment, anger management in Islam, Islamic anger management”, which were searched in “PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Google Patent, MagIran, SID, Proquest, Ebsco, Springer, IEEE, Kolwer, & IranDoc” search engines and according to relation to study parts, academic publishing (if available), publishing after 2000, relevant sources were selected. The subjects of final manuscript were chosen by evaluation of five experts in anger domain via Delphi method. Review of studies revealed definitions of anger in Islam from different aspects, dimensions and characteristics and consequences of anger from Islamic point of view, anger classification in Islam, anger roots from Islamic approach, meaning and importance of anger management in Islam, and three superior Islamic anger management methods. It appears that Islamic approach to identification, analysis, and anger control and management in individual as well as social levels are precise and. It is suggested to conduct future comparative studies in order to determine the effect size of these methods.