Molecular Analysis of Seed Cover Color and evaluation of Anthocyanin content in some Bean cultivars

Beans play an important role in the nutrition and health of the community due to their antioxidant properties. Recently, MYB family genes have been shown to be strongly associated with anthocyanin levels as gene-controlling seed coating. The physiological and molecular diversity of the genes involved in seed coat coating of 12 bean cultivars was conducted in the randomized complete block design. The results showed that there was a significant difference between different bean genotypes in terms of anthocyanin content, so that the highest amount of anthocyanin was observed in black beans. Molecular analysis of the MYB and AF genes showed that the this two genes were amplified in some samples, while the MYB gene was amplified in Vigna ungicolata 1, 2 and mutant and Phaseolus lunatus cultivars, while AF gene only amplification in V. ungicolata 1,2 and mutant culativars. Bioinformatics analyzes showed that the sequences from these two genes were very similar to those in the NCBI, with two new alleles being identified in the AF gene compared to the sequences used to control seed coatings in beans. Also, the phylogenetic diagram of the samples using the UPGMA method showed that the samples can be separated based on the color of the seed coat. The overall results showed that V.ungicolata mutant cultivar, due to their MYB and AF genes, as well as their high levels of anthocyanins and high performance compared to other cultivars, could be a good option for further study and introduction to farmers in the future.