An overview of the problems, the guidelines with a view to the future of Bone Marrow transplantation during an outbreak of Covid-19

Despite all the extensive research on hematopoietic stem cell cell transplantation (HSCT) techniques, viral infections as the main factors increase post-transplant mortality. According to the available data, long-term immunosuppression prior to HSCT, use of the myoablation regimen, and long-term hospital stay were associated with a higher risk of infection. So, COVID-19 pandemic is one of the risk factors in patients undergoing HSCT. The purpose of this study is to review the experiences of bone marrow transplant centers around the world and to present the solutions used in these centers during the outbreak of COVID-19. The present study is a review and the information collected in this article is based on internet search in scientific-medical databases such as SID, Google Scholar, PubMed in 2020 using English keywords; COVID-19; Coronavirus 2019; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT); Due to the fact that the prevalence of COVID-19 has not been controlled in the world yet, Bone marrow transplantation cannot be delayed in patients, and according to the studies and experiences of medical centers in the last two years, follow the instructions and according to studies and experiences of medical centers during the last two years, follow the instructions in the field. Prevention of COVID-19 infection is recommended by the World Health Organization, in addition to the guidelines of the European and American Bone Marrow Transplant Association, can make this high-risk treatment possible for patients during the outbreak of COVID-19. The best way in the current situation is to prevent transplant patients and donors before bone marrow transplantation; the management and training of medical staff and patients are to prevent the transmission of the virus to patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. Patients and donors must observe 14 days of home quarantine before entering the ward. Be screened. Training of medical staff and screening test if there are initial symptoms can prevent the transmission of the virus to patients admitted to the transplant ward by medical staff. Adherence to the principles of home quarantine in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation prevents these patients from developing COVID-19 at the time of immune system failure after transplantation.