The function of chariot in Achaemenid era Iran, ancient Mesopotamia and Greek

In Indo-European culture, the function of the celestial gods is represented in connection with chariot, and in the Bronze Age, chariot has had a martial function in the Hittite and Egyptian civilizations. In addition, there is a lot of archaeological evidence of chariot from the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia, Greek and Iran during the Achaemenid period; but the functions of chariot and chariot riding in these civilizations are not properly known. So the main questions of this study are: what are the multiple functions of chariot in the civilizations of Mesopotamia, Greek and the Achaemenids in ancient times? And based on intercultural relations, what are the similarities and differences between these multiple chariot functions? The data of this research have been studied in a qualitative method in a manner descriptive, analytical and comparative. In general, the role of chariot in Indo-European mythology and the martial function of chariot in Hittite and Egyptian civilizations have directly and indirectly affected the functions of chariot in all three civilizations and these functions have interacted with other cultural aspects of these civilizations. Thus, the effect of chariot functions on the economy, social stratification, war, rituals and function of the celestial gods, sports and entertainment can be observed. In Mesopotamia, the military, mythological and recreational aspects of chariot, in Greek, the ritual, sports and social aspects of chariot, and in Iran, the military, social and mythological-ritual aspects of chariot have been more prominent.