Phylogenetic analysis and invastigation of LSD142 gene sequence characteristics in six Iranian isolates of Lumpy Skin disease virus and Capripoxviruses in Genbanck

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral infectious disease of cattle associated with a drastic economic loss in the livestock industry. The aim of this study was to investigate sequence and phylogenetic analysis of LSD142 gene, a putative virulence gene in Capripoxviruses, in six lumpy skin disease viruses isolated in Iran during 2013 to 2014 and Capripoxvirus in the Genbank. The LSD viruses were isolated from different provinces of Iran, including Kermanshah, West-Azerbaijan, Fars, Qom, Khuzestan, and North Khorasan, and following sequencing the LSD142 gene, its homology was compared with other Capripoxvirus in the Genbank using phylogenetic analysis. The isolated LSD viruses showed a 100% identity in LSDV142 gene sequences with the virulent LSD viruses and with each other. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that not only the candidate gene has the potential to differentiate Capripoxvirus into three groups including LSD, sheep pox virus (SPV) and goat pox virus (GPV), but also the vaccinal and virulent strain of LSD virus could be divided. The GPV group was divided three geographical categories including Southwest and African strains, East Asia strains and Northwest Asia strains. In the SPV group, the African virus was separated from other strains of the SPV. These findings suggest that the LSD142 gene could be used for the genotyping and molecular epidemiology studies of the Capripoxvirus.