Natural hosts and genome characterization of Faba bean necrotic yellows virus in three eastern provinces of Iran

Faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (Nanovirus, Nanoviridae) is a common nanovirus of leguminous plant in Asia, Africa and Europe continents. In this research, natural hosts of FBNYV in three eastern provinces of Iran have been studied and full-length genome components of a Rabor isolate (Kerman province) has been sequenced. To identify FBNYV natural hosts, leguminous plants and leaf vegetables were sampled in Kerman, Razavi Khorasan and Northern Khorasan, and the FBNYV infection of the samples was tested by PCR and/or nucleotide sequence of DNA-S component. Results indicated that lentil, faba bean, broad bean, chickpea, alfalfa, fenugreek, parsley and dill are infected with FBNYV and DNA-S of seven isolates from seven plant species share 89.6-99.7% nucleotide sequence identities. Among infected hosts, full-length genome components of a chickpea isolate of FBNYV from Rabor (Kerman province) was determined and compared with the related components of the GenBank isolates. Accordingly, all genome components of the Rabor isolate shared 88.57-99.81% nucleotide sequence identities with the corresponding sequence of other Iranian and GenBank isolates. To conclude, FBNYV has a broad host range in leguminous plants and even can infect non-leguminous leaf vegetables. It is the first report of the FBNYV infection of fenugreek, parsley and dill in the world.