An Analysis of the Problem of "Vilayat-i Idni"(On-Permission Authority) in Sheikh Ansari’s Makasib and its Impact on Political Jurisprudence

Velayat-i-Faqih (Governance of the Jurist) is the main axis of Shiite political jurisprudence. It is normal to see lack of consensus over some aspects and details of this theory among jurists. Surveying the history of this problem and the course of its developments as well as knowing the pivotal ideas about it would play an important role in order to obtain a deep understanding of its contents. One of the turning points of the developments of this problem in seminary schools is the appearance of the subject of Velayat-e-Faqih in Sheikh Ansari’s book, Makasib. Considering that the theories of Sheikh Ansari (RA) and especially his book Makaseb are still one of the pillars of contemporary Shiite fundamental and jurisprudential thought, naturally his views and his method of discussion will have a great impact on the understanding of contemporary jurists of this theory. He did not formulate this discussion in the way like those jurists who discuss it under the title of "Jurisprudence of the state" or the "rules of the sultanate", rather, he chooses a special format and literature for this problem. This article seeks to prove the idea that the vague literature and unusual classification applied by Sheikh Ansari to deal this problem has caused a wide disagreement about his understanding of it. In addition, the acceptance of this category and framework for dealing this issue has caused a kind of confusion, simplicity and disorder in the presentation of political jurisprudence in the seminaries.