Historicity of the Text from the Perspective of Mutazilites and neo-Mutazilites

In this study, we examine the views of the early Mutazilites and neo-Mutazilites on the historicity of the text, the Quran, and the teachings of religion in order to understand the commonalities and differences between these two schools of thought. The neo-Mutazilites believe that the text of the Quran is a cultural and historical product, influenced by the culture of the age of revelation, and does not contain a message for the general public in other ages. They offer the reasons for their claims as follows: the relationship between the Quran and the culture of its time, the Meccan and Medinan verses, the causes of the revelation, the abrogator and abrogated verses, the historicity of some Quranic teachings in the field of jurisprudence and Sharia. In contrast, the Mutazilites, believing in the inability of the intellect to achieve audio tasks, reject the historicity of the Quran, and consider the expression of rulings as a philosophy of the necessity of revelation, and their main approach is to accept verses and rulings expressed in the Quran and tradition.