Comparative Study of Mystic Thoughts of Khajeh Ahmad Kasani in Naqshbandiah Dynasty

Khajeh Kasani is known to have been one of the influential figures in Naqshbandi school, who was influenced by the sages of this school in theoretical and practical mysticism. Explaining the principles of Khawjegan school, he enriched the nature of the school with his works and influenced the school with critical and enlightening views. This research aims to compare the formative principles of Naqshbandi Ahrari school with those of Khajeh Ahmad in a descriptive-analytical method relying on library resources and manuscripts. It is shown that the main doctrine of this school is based on attaining awareness and consciousness considered to be available in all eleven principles of this school. The principles of belief are consciousness at the moment, glance at paving, paving in the innateness, isolation in community, reminiscence, returning, maintenance, storing, numerical mastery, temporal mastery, and heartfelt mastery. Kasani explained seven principles of consciousness at the moment, glance at paving, paving in the innateness, isolation in community, reminiscence, returning, and maintenance, and regarded the four other principles dependent on those seven. Although Kasani described the teaching of Naghshbandi to express these seven principles, adhering to his predecessors, he made subtle differences in explaining these principles, the theme of which originates from his view on innate transference.