Study of genetic diversity of sainfoin genotypes (Onbrychis sativa) using cytogenetic and agronomic markers

Genetic diversity of 13 different genotypes of sainfoin (Onbrychis sativa) was evaluated using cytogenetic and morphological characteristics. In the cytogenetic study, according to the analysis of variance table, there was a significant difference between genotypes based on karyotypic traits. In order to determine the karyotypic symmetry of the genotypes, the statistics of the coefficient of change (CV) and the percentage of the total form (T.F%) were calculated. The results showed that Alborz-18 genotype has the most symmetrical karyotype and Bonab-20247 genotype has the most asymmetric karyotype. Using karyotypic data, cluster analysis was performed, which resulted in the genotypes being divided into three groups.In the field study, morphological traits such as height, number of main stems, number of sub-stems, wet and dry weight, flowering time were measured. The test was performed as a split plot over time in the form of a randomized complete block design with three folds and two replications. The results of the analysis of variance table showed that there was a significant difference between the interaction of china and genotype only in the number of sub-stems. Analysis of clusters for agricultural traits showed that genotypes were divided into three groups. The results showed that the Bijar-6424 genotype had the highest genetic distance based on morphological traits, especially yield and cytogenetic parameters, compared to other genotypes, which can be used in experimental cross-correction experiments to transfer effective traits.