Evaluation of Scolicidal Effects the Nanoparticles of Ghalghaf Gall (Quercus infectoria) Extracts and Silver Oxide on Protoscolices of Hydatid Cyst In Vitro

Hydatid cyst disease (Echinococcosis) is caused by species of the parasite genus Echinococcus. The infection is present in many countries where animal husbandry is common. The treatment of the disease was based on surgery, which was accompanied by an adjunctive drug treatment. It is harmful to use the protoscolicidal effect of parasites during surgery to reduce the recurrence of the disease. The aim of this study was to confirm the protoscolicidal effect of nanoparticles of silver oxide, methanolic and acetonic extracts of Gal Ghalghaf due to the antimicrobial effects of plant in vitro on hydatid cyst protoscolices.

Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices were collected from 60 liver of sheep infected with hydatid cyst. The hydatid cyst fluid was drained using a syringe and concentrated after centrifugation. The lethal effect of normal saline group of 0.9% and the first, second and third groups with concentrations of 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001% of silver oxide nanoparticles and methanolic and acetone Gal Ghalghaf extracts and their integration on protoscolices, respectively. Hydatid cysts are determined at exposure times of 1, 5, 10, and 20 minutes. After data collection, the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Among the examined extracts, the concentration of 0.1% nanoparticles of silver oxide in 20 minutes and the combination of nanoparticles of silver oxide and methanolic extract of Gal Ghalghaf in 20 minutes had the most protoscolicidal effects, respectively. Also, the lowest lethal effect was obtained at a concentration of 0.001 nanoparticles of acetonic extracts of Gal Ghalghaf at 1 minute.

The findings of the present study showed that methanolic and acetonic extracts of Gal Ghalghaf after combining with silver oxide nanoparticles, especially methanolic extract, can be used as a suitable protoscolicidal agent during hydatid cyst surgery using PAIR (Puncture, Aspiration, Injection, and Re-aspiration of protoscolices).