Using scientific research techniques to investigate future contexts integrating the three concepts of sustainable development, lean construction and building information modelling

Many studies have been conducted on the fields of Building Information Modelling, Lean construction and Sustainability not only individually but also pairwise. Despite that, there are currently no researches that integrate these concepts collectively. In order to fill this gap, a systematic literature review was conducted. The input data of this research are 95 valid international articles that are mostly focused on pairwise interaction of these concepts. Using Grounded Theory, which is a method based on line-by-line review of articles and coding of sections related to the purpose of the article and with the help of Atlas.ti software, we found triple codes that represent the integrated fields of all three concepts. The triple codes were placed in 6 main categories: Stakeholder management, cost management, material waste management, resource management, project productivity and energy management. Then, by comparing each code with other codes, 6 main theories were created. To analyse these theories and prioritize them, an interview was presented in the form of a 6-question questionnaire, in which 10 experts and professors expressed their opinions. Then, the questionnaire was analyzed using statistical methods and SPSS software. To that end, Friedmann's non-parametric test was used to prioritize theories after the variables were found to be abnormal by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. as a result, combining the three concepts could be more effective on waste material management than other categories.