The effect of soil-structure interaction on longitudinal seismic responses of suspension bridges controlled by optimal TMD

Suspension bridges contain high towers due to having long span. Large height makes them to experience remarkable displacement responses against dynamic loading, like seismic excitation which disturbs their performance. In order to overcome this problem, control strategies, like tuned mass damper or in brief TMD as a passive system can be used. The performance of these systems can be addressed by the indices defined according to structural responses. On the other hand, its parameters should be adjusted to their optimum values to providing the best performance accessible by the meta heuristic algorithm. Here, the seismic displacement and energy responses of the Golden gate bridge considering soil-structure interaction were investigated using the optimum TMD optimized by observer teacher learner algorithm, and the performance of it was addressed by the energy indices. The results indicated that by increasing the softness of the bed soil the first mode plays the dominant role in the final response. Also, TMD was a successful system to control the vibration of the tower-pier system according to the defined energy indices for all the conditions of the bed soil considered. Suspension bridges contain high towers due to having long span. Large height makes them to experience remarkable displacement responses against dynamic loading, like seismic excitation which disturbs their performance. In order to overcome this problem, control strategies, like tuned mass damper or in brief TMD as a passive system can be used. The performance of these systems can be addressed by the indices defined according to structural responses.