Studying the Philosophical and Legal nature of Family Institution in the International bill of Human Rights

Universal Declaration of Human Rights and its two originated Covenants were signed and ratified in order to protect the basic rights of Human being and prevent him from more pain specifically after two world wars’ horrendous experience. Howbeit, the affirmation of these documents about the necessity of “protecting family institution” and different approaches of international and regional human rights institutions have raised some questions. The first question is that what is the philosophical and legal approach to family institution within the International bill of Human Rights? Contemporary International lawyers believe that the International human rights law system has experienced three generations of rights; the first two are about individual rights while the third one contains collective and group rights. According to this discussion, which platform is appropriate to protect the family institution? Based on analytical-interpretive method and through documentary review, this essay has investigated philosophical and legal debates in UDHR and Covenants in order to find the answers of aforementioned questions. The interpretive approach used in this article is "author and text centric" in accordance with the general interpretive rules of treaty law. Findings show that Human rights in its general terms, sense within the framework of the natural law, and the family has been considered in the mechanism of natural rights and has natural origin. Furthermore, the legal personality of family institution includes a unique individual-institutional approach in the Covenants.