Criminal Protection of the Right to the Environment

Today, the right to the environment is a type of human right that is considered a very important issue in the field of domestic and international law. What is more, the right to the environment is accepted as one of the concepts of the third generation of human rights in the international arena. Therefore, the implementation of this right is subject to its recognition and evaluation. The question is how the tools of criminal law as a guarantee of law enforcement in the field of environment can support this pillar of human rights? In other words, is a criminal enforcement guarantee sufficient to protect this right? This article tries to achieve new approaches in this field by descriptive-analytical method and by using library resources in the domestic and international field with the aim of explaining the criminal tools in support of this right while guaranteeing criminal performance and the existing challenges. At this stage, the hypothesis of the question is that the protection of the right to the environment in the domestic and international arenas, in addition to the protection of deterrent laws, requires the promotion of cultural foundations and the growth of economic and even political affairs of societies that have not been seen before.