A Review of Methods and Materials Used for Surface Modification of Textiles in Order to Create a Flame Retardant Property with Emphasis on Cellulosic Fibers

As reported in various scientific literature, the history of cotton flame retardancy is ancient: this is easily attributable to this fiber's chemical and physical properties that made it predominant during the 20th century. On the other hand, cotton fibers are highly flammable and ignite intensely due to their particular structure. Hence, one of the most challenging issues with these fibers is their reduced flammability. For this purpose, different materials and methods have been used in various articles and studies. Therefore, the present work has been done to review the essential materials used in the flame retardancy of cotton and their mechanism of action. After examining the structure, a review on classification of the various materials and applying methods for flame retardancy of cotton were undertaken.