Reconsidering the rangeland governance issues in the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to implement the general policies of Article 44 of the Constitution

One of the valuable natural resources in the country is rangelands, which has extensive economic and social functions: Environmental values such as conservation of water and soil, the growth and breeding ground of plant and animal species on the one hand and significant economic values that lead to the formation of various businesses in the fields of animal husbandry, breeding and extraction of medicinal plants. Managing these natural resources and assets, which has been at local rural and nomadic community’s disposal for hundreds of years, along with institutional changes that accured in recent decades, handed over to the government. This shift has caused many problems and harmful consequences based on comments of experts in this field. This article analyze and recover the issues created in this field and the roots of its formation using Scott's institutional framework in order to achieve the goals of the general policies of Article 44 of the Constitution..

In the framework of the qualitative approach, the method of semi-structured interview, ethnographic observation and analysis of relevant documents has been used.

One of the limitations of this research is that rangeland governance has serious complexities and has many dimensions and in identifying the root of these consequences, one factor can not be addressed.The most important issues are the deprivation of management of exploiters and the conflict between government and exploiters.

Finally, while summarizing the issues of rangeland governance system, the main solution to solve these problems is to revise the law of natural resources and related structures and transfer of management of rangeland to local farmers, as well as facilitating the formation of grassroots organizations and cooperative mechanisms.Innovation: using Scott's institutional Approach for classification of issues.