Hemodynamic Changes and Related Factors in Bone Cement Implantation in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery

Bone cement implantation syndrome is an important factor in changing the hemodynamic status of patients during orthopedic surgery. Anesthesiology team and surgeons should be aware of these hemodynamic changes and prevent complications, so, the aim of this study was to investigate the hemodynamic changes in patients during the use of bone cement.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed in orthopedic surgery patients in Tehran Baqiyatallah Hospital, Iran 2021. The patients had no pathological diseases and bone cement was used in their surgery.

The participants (n=63) included 50 (79.36%) males. The mean age was 43.63±4.60 years, the weight was 79.31±9.1 kg, and the mean systolic blood pressure levels 30 minutes before and during surgery were 128.79±4.83 mmhg and 119.50±7.32 mmhg, respectively. Half an hour after bone cement implantation, it was 121±4.79. Mean diastolic blood pressure levels were 78.12±5.23 mmHg and 74.26±4.58 mmHg half an hour before surgery and during surgery, respectively and 74.71±6.54 mmHg half an hour after bone cement application. Mean heart rate changes were 76.41±5.84 half an hour before surgery, 80.77±7.71 during cementation, and 78.49±6.53 half an hour after cementation. Mean blood oxygen saturation before and during the operation were 97.03%±1.14 mmHg and 93.57%±1.98 mmHg, respectively and 94.0% ± 2.36 mmHg half an hour after bone cement implantation.

Current study showed that bone cement implantation decreases systolic and diastolic blood pressure values and arterial blood oxygen saturation but increases heart rate. However, the hemodynamic status would be normal by half an hour after bone cement implantation.