The effect of hydropriming, osmopriming and hormonepriming on germination and physiological characterization of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds under cadmium stress

In order to investigate the effect of various priming methods on physiological and biochemical traits of French bean seedling under cadmium chloride stress, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications in the laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Iran. Factors included three levels of cadmium chloride (0 (control), 100 and 200 mg/L) and four levels of priming (content control (no priming), distilled water, mannitol and salicylic acid each with a concentration of 100 mg/L) were for 12 hours. The results showed that priming with salicylic acid increased the percentage and germination rate by 3 to 61% under stress of 100 mg/L cadmium chloride compared to the control treatment. Also, the interaction of salicylic acid and cadmium chloride increased the longitudinal strength and weight of French bean seed by 42 to 160%, shoot and root dry weight by 30 to 400% compared to the control treatment. Therefore, priming with salicylic acid is the best way to increase and improve the growth of red beans under non-stress and cadmium chloride stress.