Disposition as the Firm Foundation for Moral Characteristics and its Relationship with the Innate Consciousness from Mulla Sadra’s Perspective

Natural disposition is regarded as the foundation for moral characteristics by Mulla Sadra due to the theory of the natural law. Nature for him is all the human characteristics and talents including all human and animal faculties inherent in the human character. By basing morality on this nature - which from Sadra's point of view has sanctity, intrinsic and purposeful mobility - in fact, morality is based on the form of human existence, and there is a two-way relationship between the two. This is equal to the fluidity and hierarchy of human nature. This meaning of nature is similar to the innate consciousness which comprises inherent human insights and tendencies. The main research question is what the relationship between the human disposition and the innate consciousness is and do they differ from each other? The research findings indicate that although there are many similarities between nature and instinct and they are used in the same sense in many cases, but these two are basically different from each other and their relationship is such that human nature is the bedrock for the growth and flourishing of innate consciousness. This essay deals with a clarification of the human disposition as the foundation for moral characteristics, and their relationship with and differences from each other from Mulla Sadra’s perspective.